Kuva muri Nyakanga 3,2021, Iburayi "Plastic Limite Order" byashyizwe mubikorwa kumugaragaro!

Ku ya 24 Ukwakira 2018, Inteko ishinga amategeko y’Uburayi yemeje icyifuzo kinini kibuza ikoreshwa ry’ibicuruzwa bya pulasitike bikoreshwa rimwe gusa n’amajwi menshi i Strasbourg, mu Bufaransa.Mu 2021, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi uzabuza gukoresha ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki bikoreshwa hamwe n’ubundi buryo, nk'ibyatsi bya pulasitike, ibyuma byo gutwi, ibyokurya bya nimugoroba, n'ibindi.Amabwiriza yemeza ko ibihano byavuzwe haruguru bishyirwa mu bikorwa mu gihugu.Ibitangazamakuru byo mu Burayi byise “gahunda ya plastike ikumira cyane mu mateka.”Uwitekaibinyabuzima bishobora gupakirabizaba amahitamo meza yo gupakira.

Inkomoko ya“Urutonde rwa plastike”

Mu myaka 50 ishize, umusaruro wa pulasitike ku isi no kubikoresha byiyongereyeho inshuro zirenga 20, kuva kuri toni miliyoni 15 mu 1964 ugera kuri toni miliyoni 311 muri 2014, bikaba bivugwa ko bizongera kabiri mu myaka 20 iri imbere.

Uburayi butanga toni zigera kuri miliyoni 25.8 z’imyanda ya pulasitike buri mwaka, munsi ya 30% gusa y’imyanda ya pulasitike izongera gukoreshwa, kandi imyanda ya pulasitike isigaye irundanya mu mibereho yacu kurushaho.

Ingaruka z’imyanda ya pulasitike ku bidukikije by’iburayi, cyane cyane ibintu bikoreshwa (nk'imifuka, ibyatsi, ibikombe bya kawa, amacupa y’ibinyobwa ndetse n’ibipfunyika byinshi) bigenda byiyongera.Muri 2015, 59% by’imyanda ya pulasitike y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi yavuye mu gupakira (nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo gikurikira↓).

Mbere ya 2015, buri mwaka ibihugu bigize Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi byakoreshaga imifuka ya pulasitike irenga miliyari 100, muri yo miliyari 8 zajugunywe mu mifuka ya pulasitike.

Nk’uko imibare y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ibivuga, mu 2030, ibyangijwe n’imyanda ya pulasitike ku bidukikije by’Uburayi bishobora kugera kuri miliyari 22 z'amayero.Umuryango w'ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ugomba gushyiraho uburyo bwemewe bwo kugenzura ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije.

Nko muri 2018, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi watanze icyifuzo cya "plastike yo guhagarika plastike", kandi cyaravuguruwe mu myaka yakurikiyeho.Yarangije ivuga ko guhera ku ya 3 Nyakanga 2021, umusaruro, kugura no gutumiza no kohereza mu mahanga amakarito yose atabishaka hamwe n’ibindi bikoresho bizahagarikwa burundu.Ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki bikoreshwa bikoreshwa birimo ibikoresho bya pulasitiki, ibyatsi, inkoni ya ballon, ipamba, ndetse n’imifuka hamwe n’ibipfunyika byo hanze bikozwe muri plastiki yangirika.

Nyuma yo gushyira mu bikorwa iryo tegeko ryabuzanyijwe, ibyatsi bya pulasitike, ibikoresho byo ku meza, ipamba, amasahani, imashini hamwe n’ibiti bya ballon, hamwe n’imifuka yo gupakira ibiryo bya polystirene byose byashyizwe ku rutonde.Byongeye kandi, ubwoko bwose bwimifuka ya pulasitike yangirika nayo irabujijwe gukoresha.Ibicuruzwa nkibi byafatwaga nkibintu byangirika mu kwamamaza, ariko ibintu byagaragaje ko uduce duto twa microplastique twatewe no kubora kwi mifuka ya pulasitike bizaguma mu bidukikije igihe kirekire.

Ibicuruzwa bya fibre, imigano nibindi bikoresho bishobora kwangirika byahindutse insimburangingo zikoreshwa muri plastiki.Mu gihe runaka, habaye imyanda myinshi ya plastike ku nkombe z’ibihugu byinshi mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi.Amakuru yerekana ko 85% by'ibice by’inyanja by’Uburayi bifite byibuze imyanda ya plastike 20 kuri metero 100 z’inyanja.Iri tegeko ryatanzwe n’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi risaba kandi amasosiyete akora ibicuruzwa bya pulasitike kwishyura ibikorwa by’ibidukikije ndetse n’ibikorwa byo guteza imbere ibidukikije, kandi intego y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ni ukumenya ko ibicuruzwa byose bya pulasitiki bishobora gutunganywa kandi bigakoreshwa mu 2030.

Kumenyekanisha kaseti ya Biodegradable:

Ibikoresho byo gupakira biodegradable

Ibiranga iyi kaseti ya biodegradable:

• Ubushyuhe bugera kuri 220 ℃, urusaku ruke
• Biroroshye kurira, imbaraga zikomeye
• Kurwanya-static, kwaguka gukomeye, umwuka mwiza
• Byanditswe, biodegradable, byongeye gukoreshwa

Abacuruzi bohereza ibicuruzwa mu bihugu by’Uburayi bagomba kwitondera ingingo zikurikira:

1. Kubera iburayi ryabuzaga plastiki, ibicuruzwa bya pulasitike bikoreshwa rimwe gusa ntibishobora guhanagurwa guhera ku ya 3 Nyakanga 2021:

• Ipamba, ibikoresho byo kumeza (amahwa, ibyuma, ibiyiko, amacupa), amasahani, ibyatsi, ibinyobwa bikurura.
• Inkoni ikoreshwa muguhuza no gushyigikira imipira, usibye inganda cyangwa indi mipira yabigize umwuga itagabanijwe kubakoresha.
• Ibikoresho byibiribwa bikozwe muri polystirene yagutse, ni ukuvuga agasanduku nibindi bikoresho, harimo nibifite umupfundikizo.
• Ibikoresho by'ibinyobwa n'ibikombe by'ibinyobwa bikozwe muri polystirene yagutse (bakunze kwita “styrofoam”), harimo n'ibipfundikizo.

2. Usibye kubuza kugurisha “ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki bikoreshwa” byavuzwe haruguru, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi urasaba kandi ibihugu bigize uyu muryango gushyiraho amategeko n'amabwiriza abigenga kugira ngo agabanye ikoreshwa ry’ibicuruzwa bikomoka kuri plastiki bikurikira: Kunywa ibikombe (harimo umupfundikizo);ibikoresho byokurya, aribyo agasanduku nibindi bikoresho, harimo ibipfundikizo kandi bidafite umupfundikizo.

3. Byongeye kandi, abagurisha “ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki bikoreshwa” bigurishwa ku isoko bagomba kugira ikirango cy’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, kandi bakerekana neza ibi bikurikira ku baguzi: uburyo bwo guta imyanda ijyanye n’urwego rw’ibicuruzwa;isaba ko habaho plastike mubicuruzwa, kandi guta bidasanzwe bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi kubidukikije.Ibicuruzwa bigomba gushyirwaho ikimenyetso kimwe hamwe nibirango bihuye

Ni izihe ngaruka gahunda yo kubuza plastike izagira ku bagurisha?

Iri tegeko ryibanda cyane cyane ku bakora no gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki bikoreshwa, abacuruza ibicuruzwa bya pulasitike bikoreshwa, kugaburira (gufata no gutanga), abakora ibikoresho by’uburobyi, abakora ibicuruzwa n’abakwirakwiza ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki byangirika, hamwe n’abacuruza plastike.

Abacuruzi bagomba kandi kwitondera ko ibicuruzwa byoherejwe mu bihugu 27 by’Uburayi bitarimo ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki bikoreshwa.Ku bicuruzwa byoherejwe mu Burayi, abagurisha bagerageza kudakoresha imifuka ya pulasitike ikoreshwa mu gupakira ibicuruzwa, kandi bagakoresha ibinyabuzima bishobora kwangirika kandi bigasubirwamo.